From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Many fungi and microorganisms have been domesticated by humans for use in food production, medicine, and research. The following is a list of domesticated fungi and microorganisms:
Organism
Use
Agaricus bisporus Eaten; "Button mushroom" or "portabello mushroom".[ 1]
Aspergillus oryzae Fermentation of traditional Japanese foods and beverages.[ 2]
bacteria (for cheese , yogurt , kephir , buttermilk , sour cream , kombucha tea, spirulina )
Lactic acid bacteria Fermentation of dairy, plants, and meats.[ 3]
Lactobacillus delbrueckii Production of yogurt (Bulgaria).[ 3]
Lactococcus casei Production of cheese (with a fruity flavor).[ 3]
Lactococcus helveticus Production of cheese, including swiss cheese .[ 3]
Lactococcus lactis Production of cheese.[ 3]
Leuconostoc mesenteroides Fermentation of sauerkraut .[ 3]
Moulds (for making cheese , tempeh , Quorn , Pu-erh and some sausages )
Edible mushrooms Food
Oenococcus oeni Involved in wine fermentation.[ 3]
Saccharomyces cerevisiae Fermentation of beer and wine; leavening of bread.[ 4]
Streptococcus thermophilus Production of yogurt (France, United Kingdom).[ 3]
Yeasts Baking, winemaking, brewing
Ustilago maydis Huitlacoche
Research and medicine [ edit ]
Organism
Use
bacteria Chemical production
^ "Agaricus bisporus :The Button Mushroom" . MushroomExpert.com. Retrieved 27 June 2016 .^ Machida, Masayuki; Asai, Kiyoshi; Sano, Motoaki; Tanaka, Toshihiro; Kumagai, Toshitaka; et al. (2005). "Genome sequencing and analysis of Aspergillus oryzae" . Nature . 438 (7071): 1157– 61. doi :10.1038/nature04300 PMID 16372010 . ^ a b c d e f g h Douglas, Grace L.; Klaenhammer, Todd R. (2010). "Genomic Evolution of Domesticated Microorganisms". Annual Review of Food Science and Technology . 1 : 397– 414. doi :10.1146/annurev.food.102308.124134 . PMID 22129342 . ^ Legras, Jean-LUC; Merdinoglu, Didier; Cornuet, Jean-Marie; Karst, Francis (2007). "Bread, beer and wine: Saccharomyces cerevisiae diversity reflects human history". Molecular Ecology . 16 (10): 2091– 102. doi :10.1111/j.1365-294X.2007.03266.x . PMID 17498234 .
